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Table 4 Results of DID estimates for each trade city group located in the border area

From: North Korea’s COVID-19 policy dilemma: epidemic prevention conflicting with trade

 

Light

NK-China trade cities

 X Month -3

-0.098***(0.016)

 X Month -2

-0.072***(0.012)

 X Month -1

0.036***(0.011)

 X Month + 1

-0.054***(0.009)

 X Month + 2

-0.110***(0.008)

 X Month + 3

-0.172***(0.010)

 X Month + 4

-0.218***(0.012)

 X Month + 5

-0.142***(0.012)

 X Month + 6

-0.229***(0.013)

Pyongyang

 X Month -3

-0.026*(0.015)

 X Month -2

-0.011(0.010)

 X Month -1

-0.050***(0.010)

 X Month + 1

-0.013(0.009)

 X Month + 2

-0.025***(0.007)

 X Month + 3

0.005(0.008)

 X Month + 4

-0.023**(0.010)

 X Month + 5

-0.065***(0.011)

 X Month + 6

-0.042***(0.011)

NK-Russia trade cities

 X Month -3

-0.017(0.016)

 X Month -2

-0.033***(0.012)

 X Month -1

-0.015(0.012)

 X Month + 1

-0.061***(0.011)

 X Month + 2

-0.106***(0.010)

 X Month + 3

-0.135***(0.011)

 X Month + 4

-0.105***(0.012)

 X Month + 5

0.000(0.013)

 X Month + 6

-0.064***(0.014)

Constant

0.675***(0.002)

Observations

53,970

R-squared

0.942

  1. The parentheses indicate cluster standard errors at the cell level. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, *p < 0.1. The analysis in this study incorporates cell- and time-fixed effects