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Table 2 Total number of distinct policy interventions, categorized by type of policy intervention

From: Policy responses to COVID-19: lessons for the global trade and investment regime

Country (in order of nominal GDP per capita) (1)

GDP 2020a (international $)

Total # of interventions enacted (2)

# of health sector interventions (as % of total) (3)

# of health sector subsidies (as % of health sector measures) (4)

# of health sector trade measures (5)

# of health sector investment measures (6)

# of health sector public procurement measures (7)

# of health sector IP measures (8)

USA

59,920

476

70 (14.7%)

49 (70%)

19 (27%)

1 (1%)

1 (1%)

0

Germany

51,451

263

28 (10.3%)

15 (54%)

9 (32%)

3 (11%)

0

1 (4%)

France

42,321

161

39 (23.8%)

26 (67%)

8 (21%)

4 (10%)

0

1 (3%)

China

16,316

32

7 (21.9%)

2 (29%)

5 (71%)

0

0

0

South Africa

12,666

33

5 (15.2%)

3 (60%)

2 (40%)

0

0

0

India

6,166

170

56 (32.9%)

17 (30%)

32 (57%)

3 (5%)

4 (7%)

0

  1. Sources: GTA 2021; WIPO 2021 [16]; Authors’ calculation
  2. aGross Domestic Product in international dollars. World Bank in Our World Data (https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gdp-per-capita-worldbank)