Table 1 Outcomes of demand side schemes
Country | Performance indicator(s) | Outcome(s) |
|---|---|---|
CCT | ||
Malawi (40) | HIV testing rates | Mean percentage increase by 27%, positive linear effect with level of incentive |
Nigeria(29) | Achieving four antenatal care (ANC) visits, institutional delivery as well as DPT3 and measles immunization of children | Increased utilization of institutional deliveries and rates of ANC visits but no significant effect on completion of child immunization using measles as a proxy indicator |
India(37) | Institutional delivery rates | With-versus without comparison analysis: reduction of 4.1 perinatal deaths/1000 pregnancies and 2.4 neonatal deaths/1000 livebirths |
(28) | Behavior improvement and patient motivation | Increased case detection and 100% treatment completion |
Nicaragua(40) | Child health indicators | • Net mean improvement of the height- for-age z score by 0.17 after 2 years • Net impact of 6 pp in proportion of underweight children aged 0 to 5 years • No impact on anemia prevalence among infants • Mean increase in proportion of infants aged 0–3 years taken to health centers in the past 6 months |
Honduras(40) | Monthly preventive health examinations for children rates | • Increase mean percentage of individuals receiving pre-natal care by 19 pp • Routine pediatric examinations by 20 pp, growth monitoring by visits for children by 16 pp • Significantly increased use of health services by 23% for infants younger than 1 year and 42% for preschool children aged 1 to 5 years |
Prenatal care attendance for pregnant women rates | No effect on percentage of women who received a 10-day follow-up visit after delivery | |
Non-monetary incentives | ||
Tajikistan(16) | Tuberculosis treatment adherence and cure rates | • 30.1% difference in cure rates between vulnerable group and control • Treatment failure was 3.9% in the food support group vs. 15.6% in the comparison cohort |
Cambodia(28) | Tuberculosis treatment adherence and cure rates | Cure rate = 92%; default rate = 2% |
Sudan(28) | TB treatment completion | Treatment completion rate of 82% partially attributed to scheme |
Yemen(28) | Clinic attendance for TB treatment | Cure rate for areas with food packages: 85% compared with 78% without |