Table 2 Results of the multinomial logistic regression investigating predictors of changing patterns of adherence of COVID-19 containment measures

Region^a

 East Asia

1.05

0.42–2.63

.91

0.32

0.17–0.60

 < .001

1.18

0.39–3.52

.77

 West Asia

1.96

0.82–4.73

.13

1.11

0.65–1.92

.70

0.53

0.14–1.08

.34

 North and South America

0.58

0.19–1.76

.34

0.39

0.20–0.76

.005

1.39

0.45–4.35

.58

 Northern Europe

0.84

0.37–1.93

.69

0.81

0.50–1.33

.41

0.64

0.22–1.81

.40

 Western Europe

2.34

1.01–5.42

.05

1.66

0.99–2.78

.06

1.47

0.50–4.30

.48

 Southern Europe

1.38

0.59–3.21

.46

0.92

0.56–1.53

.75

0.62

0.21–1.85

.39

 Eastern Europe

2.44

0.97–6.16

.06

1.98

1.11–3.54

.02

0.21

0.02–1.92

.17

 Others

[Reference]

[Reference]

[Reference]

Sex

 Male

2.34

1.64–3.35

 < .001

1.02

0.77–1.34

.92

1.84

0.98–3.08

.05

 Female

[Reference]

[Reference]

[Reference]

Age in years

 Young adults (18–30 years)

1.44

0.67–3.13

.35

1.30

0.83–2.01

.25

.746

0.31–1.78

.51

 Middle-aged (31–59 years)

1.02

0.48–2.17

.96

1.21

0.80–1.84

.36

.745

0.33–1.69

.48

 Older adults (≥ 60 years)

[Reference]

[Reference]

[Reference]

Infected by COVID-19

 Yes/ have symptoms

2.37

1.55–3.63

 < .001

1.35

0.99–1.84

.06

1.31

0.66–2.60

.44

 No symptoms

[Reference]

[Reference]

[Reference]

Motivating factors

 Self-efficacy

0.74

0.71–0.77

 < .001

0.93

0.91–0.96

 < .001

0.88

0.84–1.05

.05

 Perceived susceptibility

0.93

0.88–0.99

.02

0.96

0.93–1.00

.04

0.94

0.87–1.01

.10

 Perceived severity

0.90

0.85–0.94

 < .001

0.96

0.93–0.99

.02

1.00

0.92–1.07

.90

 Prosociality

0.85

0.81–0.89

.008

0.77

0.75–0.79

.04

0.97

0.92–1.03

.31

 Perceived social support

1.00

0.93–1.09

.95

1.028

0.98–1.08

.32

1.01

0.90–1.14

.82