Table 2 Relationship between outcomes, MILES dimensions, monetary value, and productivity
From: The value of international volunteers experience to the NHS
Perceived outcomes | Key aspects of job creation/quality | Model of Monetary value which accounts for these outcomes (*) | Included in NHS productivity gains | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimensions in Jones et al. (2013) | Examples of core outcomes in Tyler et al. (2018) | Dimension in Adapted MILES (Fig. 1) | ||
Clinical skills | - Ability to use a broader range of clinical skills - Increased awareness of/knowledge about tropical diseases - Increased awareness of/knowledge about the cultural aspects of health | E: attributes and skills | Economic value | Yes |
Management skills | - Ability to be adaptable in leading - Ability to work within a system with unfamiliar power dynamics - Ability to manage projects | E: attributes and skills I: innovation | Economic value | Yes |
Communication and teamwork | - Understanding that words and behaviors can have different meanings - Ability to co-operate - Ability to work as part of a team | E: attributes and skills L: perceptions/retention/gap to community | Economic value | Yes |
Patient experience and dignity | - Understanding own potential to empower people - Increased respect for other cultures - Appreciation of free universal health | E: attributes and skills L: perceptions/ gap to community I: role NHS and partnerships/ gap professional-informal service delivery | Economic value | Yes |
Service/policy development and implementation | - Increased awareness of/knowledge about the positive impact of clinical policies and governance - Appreciation of excellent human resource in the NHS | I: role of NHS and partnerships | Economic value | Yes |
Academic skills | - Ability to dissemination best practice globally - Improvement in teaching skills - Ability to build a global network | E: attributes and skills, L: perceptions/ gap community I: role NHS and partnerships | Economic value | Yes |
Personal satisfaction and interests | - Ability to develop friendships - Refreshment and reinvigoration - Can-do attitude | Social capital and health | Private value (Well-being theory) Social value (Social capital) | No |