Table 3 Studies Addressing the DFID Research Capacity Levels of Intervention

Strengthening individual capacities through:

■ Mentorship of researchers

■ Research methodology workshops

■ Policy and influence training

[38, 41,42,43,44,45, 56, 65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81]

Improving organisational structures, processes and procedures related to research through:

■ Developing capacity for research programme coordination, grant applications, teaching delivery in universities, think tanks, NGOs, etc.

■ Funding system development

■ IRB system development

■ Curriculum development

[23, 31, 82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90]

Creating an environment where research can be conducted by setting political, economic, and technical standards and regulations, by addressing:

■ ‘Rules of the game’

■ Incentive structures

■ Political and regulatory context

■ Resource base development

[23, 24, 27, 28, 91,92,93,94]