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Table 1 Determinants of population health

From: The health impacts of globalisation: a conceptual framework

Level/ Nature General determinants More detailed determinants
Contextual level 
Institutional Institutional infrastructure Governance structure
Political environment
System of law
Regulation
Economic Economic infrastructure Occupational structure
Tax system
Markets
Social-cultural Culture Religion
Ideology
Customs
  Population Population size
Structure
Geographical distribution
  Social infrastructure Social organisation
Knowledge development
Social security
Insurance system
Mobility and communication
Environmental Ecological settings Ecosystems
Climate
Distal level
Institutional Health policy Effective public health policy
Sufficient public health budget
  Health-related policies Effective food policy
Effective water policy
Effective social policy
Effective environmental policy
Economic Economic development Income/wealth
Economic equity
  Trade Trade in goods and services
Marketing
Social-cultural Knowledge Education and literacy
Health education
Technology
  Social interactions Social equity
Conflicts
Travel and migration
Environmental Ecosystem goods and services Habitat
Information
Production
Regulation
Proximal level
Institutional Health services Provision of and access to health services
Economic - -
Social-cultural Lifestyle Healthy food consumption patterns
Alcohol and tobacco use
Drug abuse
Unsafe sexual behaviour
Physical activity
Stress coping
Child care
Lifestyle related endogen factors (blood pressure, obesity, cholesterol levels)
  Social environment Social support and informal care
Intended injuries and abuse/violence
Environmental Food and water Sufficient quality
Sufficient quantity
Sanitation
  Physical environment Quality of the living environment (biotic, physical and chemical factors)
Unintended injuries
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