Evolution of the major alcohol companies key global policy vehicle through the prism of tax records 2011–19

Table 1 Major ICAP activities declared

Program	Description
Global actions on harmful drinking	A set of CSR-related initiatives “dedicated to helping reduce the harmful use of alcohol” in 18 countries. The program focused on three areas: drink driving, self-regulation and noncommerical alcohol” [75]
Public Affairs/Policy^a	Engagement with identified institutions and opinion leaders, monitoring policy and offering national policy guidance to ICAP members. In targeting the WHO specifically, ICAP sought to “to encourage a more balanced approach to alcohol policy” [75]
Research^b	Supported research projects were conducted “by outside scientists working independently or in cooperation with ICAP staff.” The main substantive areas of research focus were “unrecorded/non-commercial alcohol, education and quality of life” [86]
Communications^c	ICAP’s main communication activities focused on website development, media relations, and “promoting the uptake and utilization of the organization’s technical materials” [75]

^aThe Public Affairs/Policy umbrella category was created by the authors to capture several similar smaller programs
^bThe Research category was generated by the authors after combining the major research activities
^cThe Communications umbrella category was created by the authors after identifying several similar smaller programs

ISSN: 1744-8603