Growth in chikungunya virus-related research in ASEAN and South Asian countries from 1967 to 2022 following disease emergence: a bibliometric and graphical analysis

Table 5 Recent advances in the development of drugs for alternative treatment of chikungunya

Repurposing commercially available drugs
No.	Drugs	Original purpose/disease target	References
1	Chloroquine	malaria	[42, 43, 123, 124]
2	Arbidol	influenza	[125, 126]
3	Imipramine	antidepressant drug	[46]
4	Ribavirin	Respiratory syncytial virus and hepatitis c virus	[127,128,129]
Novel compounds with antiviral properties
No.	Targeted pathway or process	Compounds	References
1	Entry and binding	Flavagline FL3, FL23, and sulfonyl amidine 1 m	[47]
2	Entry and binding	Curcumin	[130]
3	Replication	Andrographolide	[131]
4		Mycophenolic acid (MPA)	[132]
5		6-azauridine	[133]
6		Suramin	[134]
7		Harringtonine	[135]
8		debromoaplysiatoxin and 3-methoxydebromoaplysiatoxin	[136]
9		Phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate	[137]
10		Salicylate-derived Bryostatin analogues	[138]
11		Geldanamycin	[139]
12		Jatrophane ester	[140]
13		Trigocherrins A B, and F	[141]
14		MBZM-N-IBT	[142]
15		Abamectin, ivermectin, and berberine	[143]
Promising molecules detected via in silico molecular docking
No.	Protein targets	Compounds	References
1	Non-structural Protein 2 (nsP2)	Astragaloside II-IV	[144]
2		ASN 01107557 and ASN 01541696	[145]
3		CID_5808891	[146]
4	Structural protein E3	Arjungenin	[147]
5	Non-structural Protein 3 (nsP3)	CMPD178	[148]
6		Hesperetin	[149]
7		Baicalin, Rutaecarpine, Amentoflavone, Apigetrin, Luteoloside, and Baloxavir	[150]
8		Baicalin	[151]
9	Non-structural Protein 4 (nsP4)	Mitoxantrone hydrochloride	[152]
10	Non-structural Protein 4 (nsP4)	LabMol-309	[153]
11	Capsid protein	Catechin-5-O-gallate and Rosmarinic acid	[147]

ISSN: 1744-8603