Table 2 Taxonomy of Strategies used by the Tobacco, Alcohol and SSB Industries

Influencing government policy making and implementation

Lobbying

13

6

3

5

Revolving door

1

1

1

0

Policy capture

1

2

0

2

Intimidation, incentives & bribery

7

4

2

2

Developing/promoting alternative solutions

2

2

0

0

Influencing voters and the general public

7

1

0

1

Challenging Unfavorable Science

Shaping the evidence-base

12

7

4

1

Infiltrate the public health scientific community

1

1

0

0

Hiding industry role in research

2

1

0

0

Creating a positive image

Corporate social responsibility

8

7

4

3

Offering voluntary self-regulation

3

4

1

1

Issue framing

1

3

1

1

Targeted marketing

6

3

1

2

Creating “healthier” products

3

0

0

1

Manipulating Markets

Manipulating cost

3

0

3

1

Economic framings

7

0

0

2

Undermining tax policies

2

0

1

1

Illicit trade and smuggling

6

1

0

1

Mounting Legal Challenges

Litigation

8

1

1

1

Using trade agreements/investment law to challenge national policies

2

0

1

1

Trade Framing

0

0

0

1

Preemption

2

0

0

0

Anticipating future scenarios

Expanding into emerging markets

2

0

2

1

Monitoring and discrediting public health proponents

2

0

1

0