Table 2 GHD IN MEXICO: CONCERNS, PROCESSES, IMPACTS, AND SCOPE OF POWER BY SECTOR
From: Global health diplomacy in Mexico: insights from key actors in the field
SECTOR | CONCERNS | PROCESSES | IMPACTS | SCOPE OF POWER * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inside-Out | Outside-In | Strategies | Mechanisms | Power of priority setting in global agenda (+/++/+++) | ||
Health | Border Health and Bi-National Health Health expenditure and financial protection (migrant health) Regional integration for migrant health | Global health Security Tobacco control | N/A | Specialized bureaucracies: · CSF · Ventanillas de Salud · Mesoamerican Health System · Global Health Security Initiative · Office for Tobacco Control in Mexico | Pressure from both private and public actors (pharmaceutical, food industry and other Secretariats of State) can take place if interests are affected. | +++ Northern Border Health (Bi-lateral) agenda ++ Southern Border (Mesoamerican Project) + Multilateral agenda |
Foreign Affairs | National security against pandemics Vector-borne diseases Cooperation for development, regional integration, and health systems strengthening | Maternal and child health Road safety Primary health care Antimicrobial resistance Drug production, traffic, and consumption prevention | Mobilization of technical and political instruments developed by the UN agencies system Intersectoral consultation and negotiations (Academia, HS, industry) Creation of ad hoc intersectoral groups to define positions in foreign policy | Specialized bureaucracies: • Representations of Mexico at the UN System in Geneva (WHO) and NYC (Permanent Mission) • Mexican Agency for International Development Cooperation • Mesoamerican Project | When adhered agreements are not legally binding but can affect local sectors, their implementation is almost impossible due to intense pressure from affected parties. | +++ Decision about national policies against pandemics ++ Border health + Negotiation in international treaties + Sanitary restrictions in customs ++ Participation in international health forums + National health policy decision-making |
NGO | Chronic diseases, tuberculosis, health financing, and universal health care | Women rights, obesity prevention, and road safety issues Frontal labeling of food packaging Special Tax on Production and Services for sugar-sweetened beverages | Strengthen positions by coalition-forming with other NGOs Political visibility and public agenda positioning Dissemination of activities in independent media outlets Serving as liaisons with political actors in health and foreign policy Expert and scientific evidence -based discourse and arguments | Partnerships with key actors, strengthening local institutional capacity Dialogue with government agencies at the local level Technical cooperation and funding through international organizations and donors Dissemination of health-related issues for broad audiences Identification of political windows of opportunity for agenda topic prioritization | Mexico signs and adheres to numerous agreements and global initiatives, however unlike trade treaties, the non-legally binding agreements are difficult to adapt and translate into local policies due to lack of enforcing mechanisms to comply and pressure from private actors | + Decision-making processes +++ Effective in advocating health-related issues in foreign policy |