Table 2 Comparison of SHS with different lifestyle behaviors (mean (SD))

Smoking

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

 Never

4079

67.67 (11.80)

71.70 (12.50)

67.15 (14.55)

62.10 (15.26)

 Quit

615

64.79 (13.06)

68.37 (13.57)

65.37 (15.11)

58.44 (17.40)

 Yes

1187

66.95 (12.12)

70.35 (12.70)

67.53 (14.60)

60.90 (15.86)

Second-hand smoking influence

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.001

0.376

 None

1150

68.95 (12.73)

72.94 (12.99)

68.97 (15.61)

62.72 (16.88)

 Little

1804

67.54 (12.03)

71.68 (12.72)

67.31 (14.29)

61.41 (15.68)

 Some

1702

66.60 (11.21)

70.31 (12.32)

66.55 (13.62)

60.92 (14.51)

 Much

1225

66.00 (12.25)

69.52 (12.65)

65.53 (15.3)

61.17 (15.90)

Alcohol consumption

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.177

 Never

2166

68.41 (12.26)

72.24 (13.14)

68.29 (14.81)

62.59 (15.92)

 Occasional

3107

66.86 (11.56)

70.87 (12.02)

66.51 (14.22)

61.09 (15.13)

 A little /day

427

65.79 (13.10)

69.01 (13.72)

66.32 (15.80)

60.08 (16.64)

 Some /day

106

65.13 (11.48)

67.94 (13.05)

65.27 (13.62)

60.59 (14.84)

 Much /day

75

59.47 (14.03)

62.57 (15.03)

59.64 (16.30)

54.41 (21.06)

Bad dietary habits

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 No

3396

69.93 (11.63)

73.33 (12.54)

70.23 (14.21)

64.23 (14.86)

 Yes

2485

63.53 (11.59)

68.00 (12.27)

62.68 (14.06)

57.72 (15.93)

Breakfast consumption (days/week)

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Everyday

2720

69.91 (11.75)

73.06 (12.76)

70.19 (14.53)

64.63 (14.78)

 5–6

1562

67.08 (11.39)

71.15 (11.94)

66.41 (14.11)

61.66 (14.72)

 3–4

848

62.97 (11.13)

68.08 (12.05)

61.93 (13.08)

56.43 (15.45)

 1–2

609

62.69 (12.07)

67.04 (12.62)

62.75 (14.21)

55.87 (16.81)

 Never

142

62.16 (14.29)

67.58 (15.47)

62.54 (17.10)

53.23 (20.14)

Sunshine (hours/week)

0.071

0.008

0.170

0.504

  ≥ 14

476

68.96 (12.57)

72.22 (13.32)

68.71 (15.10)

64.23 (15.97)

  < 14

874

69.41 (12.12)

73.20 (13.04)

69.58 (14.20)

63.30 (15.74)

  < 7

1695

67.26 (12.14)

71.11 (12.88)

67.18 (14.69)

61.37 (15.31)

  < 3

1578

66.84 (11.84)

70.80 (12.09)

66.64 (14.47)

60.93 (15.96)

  < 1

1258

65.49 (11.54)

69.50 (12.50)

64.96 (14.53)

59.98 (15.32)

Physical exercise (days/week)

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Everyday

630

72.14 (11.89)

74.46 (12.84)

73.24 (14.82)

67.07 (15.12)

 5–6

613

68.96 (12.27)

71.93 (13.02)

68.74 (14.89)

64.63 (15.28)

 3–4

1412

67.67 (12.71)

71.57 (13.24)

67.64 (14.63)

61.62 (16.82)

 1–2

2375

66.24 (11.17)

70.57 (11.82)

65.60 (14.03)

60.36 (14.57)

 Never

851

64.36 (11.82)

68.58 (13.21)

64.25 (14.43)

57.92 (15.78)

Bedtime before 11 pm (days/week)

0.019

0.003

0.146

0.388

 Everyday

1119

70.05 (12.09)

73.00 (13.41)

70.84 (14.86)

64.43 (15.44)

 5–6

1007

68.35 (12.10)

71.61 (12.73)

68.44 (14.51)

63.17 (14.79)

 3–4

1236

66.23 (12.38)

70.11 (12.87)

65.98 (14.54)

60.52 (16.01)

 1–2

1549

66.1 (11.30)

70.48 (11.97)

65.56 (13.79)

59.98 (15.51)

 Never

970

65.87 (11.96)

70.52 (12.49)

64.92 (14.95)

59.90 (15.92)

Sleep duration (hours)

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

  ≥ 9

503

67.91 (12.95)

71.48 (13.65)

68.26 (15.34)

61.88 (16.59)

  < 9

3792

68.51 (11.63)

72.57 (12.30)

68.18 (14.41)

62.64 (14.86)

  < 7

1402

64.85 (11.67)

68.10 (12.40)

64.82 (14.23)

59.85 (15.96)

  < 5

145

56.75 (13.13)

62.18 (12.60)

56.71 (14.61)

48.37 (18.90)

  < 3

39

57.77 (11.65)

61.77 (13.69)

59.19 (14.40)

49.64 (21.62)

Surfing the internet (hours)

0.062

0.154

< 0.001

0.983

  < 3

3019

67.78 (12.60)

71.09 (13.24)

68.39 (15.00)

61.83 (16.37)

  < 5

1739

67.06 (11.40)

71.17 (12.07)

66.51 (14.00)

61.42 (14.75)

  < 7

720

66.49 (10.86)

71.46 (11.59)

64.66 (13.94)

61.18 (14.46)

  ≥ 7

403

65.07 (12.05)

69.91 (13.10)

63.53 (14.39)

59.59 (15.91)