Table 2 Logistic regression models assessing the association of chronic disease outcomes (OR, 95% CI) with a spouse who has ever migrated: crude associations (panel 1); adjusted for confounders (panel 2); and including possible mediators (panel 3) (n = 621)

Ever Migrant

0.66 (0.37, 1.17)

1.51 (1.09, 2.09)

1.42 (1.01, 1.99)

1.31 (0.92, 1.88)

0.63 (0.46, 0.86)

1.44 (1.05, 1.98)

0.85 (0.60, 1.18)

0.98 (0.69, 1.39)

Ever Migrant

1.01 (0.54, 1.88)

1.15 (0.80, 1.65)

1.39 (0.96, 2.02)

1.43 (0.96, 2.12)

0.74 (0.52, 1.05)

1.22 (0.86, 1.73)

1.24 (0.84, 1.83)

1.21 (0.82, 1.79)

Age

1.02 (0.99, 1.05)

0.99 (0.97, 1.01)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

1.03 (1.01, 1.05)

1.02 (1.00, 1.04)

0.99 (0.97, 1.00)

1.05 (1.03, 1.07)

1.07 (1.05, 1.09)

Education

0.88 (0.81, 0.95)

1.06 (1.01, 1.09)

1.08 (1.04, 1.13)

1.04 (0.99, 1.09)

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

1.05 (1.01, 1.09)

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

1.02 (0.97, 1.06)

Islam

0.95 (0.38, 2.36)

1.23 (0.71, 2.14)

1.07 (0.60, 1.92)

0.90 (0.49, 1.65)

0.89 (0.52, 1.51)

1.38 (0.81, 2.34)

0.59 (0.34, 1.05)

0.94 (0.52, 1.71)

Betelnut use

1.13 (0.56, 2.24)

0.83 (0.54, 1.25)

1.11 (0.72, 1.72)

1.06 (0.67, 1.67)

1.28 (0.86, 1.91)

1.21 (0.81, 1.81)

1.61 (1.04, 2.48)

0.61 (0.39, 0.96)

Ever Migrant

1.59 (0.78, 3.29)

1.01 (0.64, 1.59)

1.16 (0.72, 1.86)

1.29 (0.79, 2.11)

0.94 (0.61, 1.46)

1.42 (0.91, 2.20)

1.18 (0.73, 1.93)

0.98 (0.61, 1.58)

Age

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

0.98 (0.96, 1.01)

1.02 (0.99, 1.05)

1.03 (1.00, 1.05)

1.02 (1.00, 1.05)

0.99 (0.97, 1.01)

1.06 (1.03, 1.09)

1.06 (1.04, 1.09)

Education

0.94 (0.85, 1.03)

1.03 (0.98, 1.09)

1.06 (1.00, 1.12)

1.00 (0.95, 1.06)

1.04 (0.99, 1.09)

1.05 (0.99, 1.10)

1.02 (0.96, 1.08)

1.04 (0.98, 1.09)

Islam

1.02 (0.29, 3.65)

1.59 (0.73, 3.43)

1.33 (0.59, 3.01)

0.67 (0.31, 1.44)

0.74 (0.36, 1.51)

1.39 (0.68, 2.85)

0.77 (0.35, 1.69)

1.24 (0.55, 2.77)

Betelnut use

1.13 (0.49, 2.58)

0.79 (0.48, 1.33)

1.11 (0.64, 1.90)

0.98 (0.56, 1.70)

1.29 (0.79, 2.13)

0.99 (0.59, 1.62)

1.54 (0.89, 2.64)

0.67 (0.38, 1.16)

Income

0.78 (0.55, 1.11)

1.10 (0.88, 1.39)

1.21 (0.95, 1.55)

1.31 (1.02, 1.69)

1.07 (0.86, 1.33)

0.78 (0.63, 0.98)

1.28 (1.00, 1.64)

0.99 (0.79, 1.27)

Food secure

0.37 (0.18, 0.74)

1.23 (0.76, 1.99)

1.22 (0.74, 2.03)

1.42 (0.84, 2.40)

0.89 (0.56, 1.40)

0.83 (0.53, 1.32)

0.92 (0.55, 1.52)

1.15 (0.69, 1.90)

All bazaar food

0.62 (0.31, 1.25)

1.89 (1.22, 2.94)

1.78 (1.12, 2.84)

1.54 (0.95, 2.48)

0.99 (0.65, 1.51)

1.34 (0.88, 2.04)

0.99 (0.62, 1.58)

1.17 (0.73, 1.86