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Table 4 Predictors of snuff use among men (n = 8583)

From: Comparisons of social and demographic determinants of tobacco use in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

 

Odds Ratio

Std. Error

z

p-value

Lower Limit

Upper Limit

Age

1.02

0.004

5.88

0.0000

1.0149

1.0300

Rurality (Large city ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Small city

1.02

0.302

0.08

0.9352

0.5750

1.8246

 Town

1.00

0.222

−0.02

0.9842

0.6431

1.5413

 Countryside

0.96

0.219

−0.19

0.8493

0.6116

1.4991

Educational Level (No education ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Primary

1.31

0.333

1.05

0.2941

0.7928

2.1535

 Secondary

1.60

0.498

1.50

0.1333

0.8668

2.9417

 Higher

0.86

0.336

−0.37

0.7077

0.4037

1.8511

Literacy (Cannot read ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Parts of sentence

0.76

0.152

−1.36

0.1734

0.5142

1.1274

 Whole sentence

0.65

0.138

−2.01

0.0442

0.4307

0.9889

 No card w/ req. lang.

0.41

0.435

−0.84

0.4010

0.0516

3.2731

 Blind

0.47

0.510

−0.70

0.4862

0.0552

3.9656

Wealth Index (Poorest ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Poorer

0.97

0.125

−0.27

0.7845

0.7496

1.2432

 Middle

0.86

0.115

−1.14

0.2525

0.6592

1.1157

 Richer

0.77

0.120

−1.66

0.0968

0.5709

1.0474

 Richest

0.58

0.145

−2.19

0.0288

0.3536

0.9449

Occupation (Agricultural self-emp. Ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Professional, technical, manager

0.69

0.113

−2.24

0.0253

0.5036

0.9558

 Clerical

0.37

0.280

−1.31

0.1886

0.0863

1.6205

 Sales

0.78

0.157

−1.24

0.2138

0.5241

1.1555

 Not Working

0.48

0.083

−4.25

0.0000

0.3452

0.6752

 Agricultural employee

0.97

0.147

−0.21

0.8327

0.7193

1.3039

 Services

0.94

0.150

−0.41

0.6825

0.6841

1.2822

 Skilled manual

0.75

0.222

−0.97

0.3339

0.4210

1.3414

 Unskilled manual

1.19

0.332

0.63

0.5282

0.6906

2.0576

 Army

0.79

0.264

−0.70

0.4828

0.4107

1.5229

 Others

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

Ethnicity (Bas-kongo ref.)

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Bas-kasai & Kwilu-kwngo

0.78

0.100

−1.97

0.0491

0.6041

0.9990

 Cuvette central

0.16

0.030

−9.68

0.0000

0.1117

0.2337

 Ubangi & Itimburi

0.24

0.039

−8.95

0.0000

0.1799

0.3333

 Uele Lac Albert

0.21

0.037

−8.88

0.0000

0.1512

0.2994

 Basele-k, Maniema & Kivu

0.03

0.008

−12.19

0.0000

0.0148

0.0475

 Kasai, Katanga, Tanganika

0.04

0.008

−15.49

0.0000

0.0247

0.0568

 Lunda

0.07

0.049

−3.71

0.0002

0.0162

0.2797

 Pygmy

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

 Other

1.00

.

.

.

.

.

_cons

0.24

0.088

−3.87

0.0001

0.1132

0.4892

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Globalization and Health

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