Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

Table 2 Economic strategies and living conditions of the 22 households that participated in both the 1999 and 2010 food intake surveys. The bold type/asterisk (*) indicates that there is a significant difference between the 2 years

Characteristics	1999		2010		P^#
Characteristics	Total	(%)	Total	(%)
Housing material
Brick house	10	45.5	15	68.2	0.065
Wooden house	12	54.5	7	31.8	0.065
Household assets and infrastructure
Television	19	86.4	21	95.5	0.24
parabolic antenna	18	81.8	21	95.5	0.12
Radio	13	59.1	21	95.5	0.0067
Well drinking water	22	100.0	22	100.0	NS
Electricity	4	18.2	22	100.0	< 0.0001
internal bathroom	12	54.5	15	68.2	0.19
Income sources
Social assistance (Bolsa Familia)	0	0.0	8	36.4	0.0067
Fishers assistance (Bolsa Pesca)	0	0.0	6	27.3	0.021
Pension	1	4.5	10	45.5	0.0079
Public servant	9	40.9	9	40.9	0.342
Formal employment	1	4.5	4	18.2	0.186
Small business	5	22.7	8	36.4	0.225

* In 1999, two of the households were women-led (i.e., there was no male household head) and in 2010 this increased to three households, which is associated to the death or emigration of men
# one-tailed McNemar’s test p-value to test whether socio-economic conditions of the 22 households have improved between 1999 and 2010

ISSN: 1744-8603