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Table 2 Market concentration in ultra-processed food categories in selected Asian markets, 2013 and change (%) since 2004

From: Food systems transformations, ultra-processed food markets and the nutrition transition in Asia

 

Country

Biscuits

Carbonat. soft drinks

Confectionary

Oils & Fats

Ready Meals

Sweet & Sav. Snacks

Packaged Food

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

CR4

2004-13

∆ (%)

H-IC

AUS

86.3

11.6

92.6

0.5

72.8

6.9

19.7

9.4

55.2

39.6

59.6

11.8

72.1

0.1

JPN

46.2

3.4

78.5

8.6

44.6

−2.2

19.5

9.9

58.2

11.8

81.6

0.3

41.4

24.8

KOR

92.8

2.7

96.8

6.0

66.4

−8.7

25.8

4.5

78.9

8.8

72.0

11.7

62.8

−6.4

NZL

87.0

0.6

90.0

1.2

76.4

13.0

40.7

17.9

81.7

62.8

48.0

3.5

63.6

1.5

SGP

66.0

13.6

95.4

5.6

42.1

21.7

22.3

2.3

61.0

5.2

54.8

−1.4

39.8

8.4

U-MIC

CHN

30.2

23.3

95.3

2.4

31.4

139.7

20.9

34.8

71.0

13.4

70.1

85.5

29.4

57.2

MYS

60.3

22.3

95.2

3.3

52.0

30.7

24.0

−2.0

45.2

−9.4

64.1

2.0

38.3

11.3

THA

62.3

9.9

91.9

−3.4

50.6

26.2

17.9

2.3

56.7

−0.9

73.7

12.5

48.5

1.9

L-MIC

IDN

61.8

36.4

97.9

4.0

54.1

30.4

62.8

9.2

85.8

5.4

91.5

2.3

46.9

10.9

IND

85.4

6.1

96.4

−1.1

71.6

9.8

25.0

−3.1

42.3

14.9

71.1

3.9

74.3

−2.0

PHL

76.4

16.3

98.3

7.5

55.4

31.0

20.7

1.5

76.9

1.1

82.4

6.6

57.5

2.3

VNM

59.7

24.1

90.3

0.9

61.7

20.7

31.6

6.4

66.4

5.7

70.9

44.7

34.3

14.7

 

Average

67.9

14.2

93.2

3.0

56.6

26.6

27.6

7.8

64.9

13.2

70.0

15.3

50.7

10.4

  1. Footnotes: CR4 four firm concentration ratio, a measure of market power with higher values indicating more concentrated markets, H-IC high-income countries, U-MIC upper-middle income countries, L-MIC lower-middle income countries, Cabonat. Caronbated, Sav. Savoury, see Methods section for country abbreviations; data from [24]