Table 5 Outcomes

DMT2

HbA1c 68% patients >7% 81% patients >6.5%

Nov 2008 - Feb 2009

Sample frame: 18 diabetes centres

Cross-sectional study, blood samples

DiabCare 2008 [26]

FPG 47% patients >7.2 mmol/l 69% patients >6.1 mmol/l

Sample size: 1832 participants (1785 DM T2, 17 DM T1)

47-69% of the surveyed patients depending on the criteria applied (IDF/ADA or APDPG)

HbA1c: 69% patients >7%

2006 - 2007

Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes

Multi-centre, cross-sectional, observational study.

IDMPS [18]

Sample size: N = 674, mean age 55.2 (SD = 10.2), 55% females, mean duration for diabetes 6.1 (SD = 6.4) years.

Prevalence-based approach to estimate resource use occurred during a 1-year period.

Mean ± SD HbA1c 8.1 ± 2 (N = 1932)

Mar - Dec 1998

Sample frame: several diabetes centres with more than 100 diabetic patients a month

Cross-sectional survey

DiabCare 1998 [39]

Categories by central HbA1c values (%)

<7: 34%

Sample size: N = 1932

7-8: 25%

>8: 41%

Local mean ± SD HbA1c 7.7 ± 2.6 (N = 144)

DMT1

HbA1c: 10.5+/-2.7 (mean +/- SD)

Nov 2001 - Apr 2002

Sample frame: Seven diabetes centres

Cross-sectional clinic-based survey

[21]

Sample size: 64 DM type 1 patients (45% boys, 55%, girls), mean age 11

HbA1c:

Apr - Jun 1999

Sample frame: Children with type 1 diabetes at the Paediatric Endocrinology Clinic of the University of Indonesia.

Cross-sectional survey

[41]

46% patients ≤ 10

54% patients ≥ 10

Sample size: N = 24 children mean age 13.6 years old 10 boys, 14 girls.

Annual checks for complications and glucose monitoring

DMT2

Frequency of eye examination among known diabetic patients in the last year: 15.3%, n = 30, N = 196

Feb - Apr 2009

Sample frame: One tertiary hospital and two community clinics in Jakarta

[40]

Sample size: N = 196, mean age 58.4 years, 61.5% females.

Percentage screened for

2006 - 2007

Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes

Multi-centre, cross-sectional, observational study

IDMPS [18]

-Micro-vascular complications: 56%

Sample size: N = 674, > 18 years with average age 55.2 (SD = 10.2), 55% females, mean duration for diabetes 6.1 (SD = 6.4) years.

Prevalence-based approach to estimate resource use occurred during a 1-year period.

-Macro-vascular complications: 49%

Home blood glucose monitoring 57.1%

2003

Sample frame: Patients with type 2 diabetes

Clinic-based survey

[36]

Four or more clinic visits in the previous year: 57.2%

Sample size: N = 7, 42.9% male, aged <18 years

≥ 3 HbA1c test in the previous year: 16.7%

DMT1

No HbA1c test in the previous year: 37%

Nov 2001-Apr 2002

Sample frame: Seven diabetes centres

Cross-sectional clinic-based survey

[21]

More than three HbA1c test in the previous year: 21%

Sample size: 64 DM type 1 patients (45% boys, 55%, girls), mean age 11

Blood glucose self-monitoring was performed on average 32 times a month