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Table 2 Associations of work stress with depressive symptoms (multivariate logistic regression analyses) (N = sample with complete data)

From: Depressive symptoms and psychosocial stress at work among older employees in three continents

  

Depressive Symptoms

  

USA

EUROPE

Japan

Effort-reward imbalance

Yes

2.28 (1.59 – 3.28) ***

1.97 (1.75 – 2.23) ***

1.64 (1.02 – 2.63) *

 

No (Ref.)

   
 

N=

1510

10047

1083

Low Control

Yes

2.26 (1.57 – 3.25) ***

1.66 (1.45 – 1.90) ***

1.59 (0.88 – 2.86)

 

No (Ref.)

   
 

N=

1560

10342

1226

  1. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Cross-sectional data from 2006.
  2. Odds Ratios are adjusted for gender, age, education, employment status, working hours.
  3. Given the multilevel structure of the European data, we applied multilevel methods where individuals (level 1) are nested within countries (level 2).
  4. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.
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Globalization and Health

ISSN: 1744-8603