Table 3 Association between per capita WSS-ODA on the change in access to improved water and sanitation
From: Water and sanitation infrastructure for health: The impact of foreign aid
Per capita WSS-ODA | OR of achieving top two tertiles of increased water access (95% CI) | OR of achieving top two tertiles of increased sanitation access (95% CI) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Range ($USD) | Unadjusted | Adjusted†| Unadjusted | Adjusted†| ||||
2002 | < 0.16 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 0.16-0.52 | 1.55 | (0.43-5.58) | 1.91 | (0.44-8.20) | 0.58 | (0.16-2.13) | 1.43 | (0.30-6.70) |
| Â | > 0.52 | 6.85* | (1.57-29.93) | 8.50* | (1.73-41.64) | 2.46 | (0.60-10.03) | 5.26* | (1.02-27.14) |
2003 | < 0.21 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 0.21-0.69 | 1.08 | (0.30-3.85) | 1.35 | (0.28-6.65) | 0.40 | (0.11-1.49) | 1.61 | (0.29-9.03) |
| Â | > 0.69 | 3.84 | (0.98-14.98) | 4.41* | (1.01-19.26) | 1.28 | (0.34-4.84) | 2.78 | (0.59-13.08) |
2004 | < 0.24 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 0.24-0.72 | 10.55* | (2.41-46.15) | 32.69* | (4.80-222.4) | 0.83 | (0.22-3.03) | 2.59 | (0.52-12.94) |
| Â | > 0.73 | 10.55* | (2.46-45.25) | 18.15* | (3.46-95.21) | 2.22 | (0.60-8.12) | 3.33 | (0.78-14.21) |
2005 | < 0.19 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 0.19-0.97 | 2.44 | (0.67-8.90) | 3.91 | (0.89-17.17) | 0.87 | (0.24-3.11) | 3.63 | (0.74-17.94) |
| Â | > 0.97 | 3.86 | (0.99-14.99) | 4.54* | (1.05-19.58) | 1.53 | (0.41-5.74) | 3.13 | (0.66-14.72) |
2006 | < 0.36 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 0.36-1.15 | 5.60* | (1.43-22.01) | 8.38* | (1.82-38.69) | 1.55 | (0.43-5.59) | 2.51 | (0.56-11.16) |
| Â | > 1.15 | 6.63* | (1.60-27.46) | 9.36* | (1.95-44.91) | 2.06 | (0.54-7.80) | 3.39 | (0.72-15.93) |
2002-2006 | < 1.54 | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) | 1.0 | (reference) |
| Â | 1.54-4.32 | 2.45 | (0.67-8.97) | 3.88 | (0.85-17.71) | 0.51 | (0.14-1.85) | 2.11 | (0.44-10.19) |
| Â | > 4.32 | 6.65* | (1.64-26.87) | 8.01* | (1.79-35.90) | 2.30 | (0.61-8.73) | 3.70 | (0.82-16.72) |