Table 1 Guiding documents
From: Learning from COVID-19: government leaders’ perspectives to improve emergency risk communication
Agency | Document Title | Date | Principles Listed |
|---|---|---|---|
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) Manual [4] | 2002 (last update in 2019) | • Be First • Be Right • Be Credible • Express Empathy • Promote Action • Show respect |
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) | Principles of Good Practice for Public Communication Response to Mis- and Disinformation [1]. | 2022 | • Institutionalization • Public interest driven • Future proofing and professionalization Transparency • Timeliness • Prevention • Evidence-based • Inclusiveness • Whole of society collaboration |
World Health Organization (WHO) | Communicating risk in public health emergencies. A WHO guideline for emergency risk communication (ERC) policy and practice [5]. | 2018 | • Building trust and engaging with affected populations • Integrating emergency risk communication into health response systems • Emergency risk communication practice |
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) | Public health emergency preparedness – Core competencies for EU Member States [6]. | 2017 | • Communicate risk in a timely and transparent manner • Foster and maintain trust with the media and the public • Communicate risk in a clear, consistent, and empathetic manner • Identify and address communication inequalities |